Through usaids first biodiversity policy, usaid and its partners will support and mobilize resources to chart a development pathway that nourishes, rather than depletes, natural capital. The latter phenomenon can be temporary or permanent, depending on whether the environmental degradation that leads to the loss. Biodiversity loss is the extinction of species plant or animal worldwide, and also the local reduction or loss of species in a certain habitat. Biodiversity loss is as big a crisis as climate change. Biodiversity and conservation although india h as only 2. The main cause of the loss of biodiversity can be attributed to the influence of human beings on the world s ecosystem, in fact human beings have deeply altered the. Fact animal agricultures impact on sheet biodiversity loss. The earth is populated by an incredible number of different living creatures. Living planet report 2018 pages wwf world wildlife fund. The year 2010 has long been seen as an end goal, a time when we could look back and say, yes, weve done it that biodiversity, life on earth, is no longer threatened. Study on understanding the causes of biodiversity loss and the. Production of oxygen, reducing carbon dioxide, maintaining the water cycle, protecting soil are important services.
The loss of biodiversity brought about irreversible consequences of gene pool depletion, which is attributed to the rapid destruction of habitats. Commitments and actions 7 the inclusion of biodiversity in totals environmental management system was presented in 2005 in our biodiversity pol icy, which requires. Saving life on earth center for biological diversity. Biodiversity is declining steadily throughout the world. Understanding the causes of biodiversity loss and the policy assessment framework 11 list of tables table 2. Learn about the loss of biological diversity biodiversity in forests, rainforests, aquatic environments and open land. Scotlands biodiversity progress to 2020 aichi targets. Loss of biodiversity deforestation throughout indonesia. Around october 12th 1999 the worlds population reached six billion and has continued to grow at an annual rate of 1. Biodiversity underpins ecosystem function and the provision of ecosystem services. Cryptic biodiversity in a changing world journal of biology. We only need to turn to our plates to see, smell and taste the value of biodiversity, or examine closely the nature of famine, to discover the consequences of extreme biodiversity loss. The world s most comprehensive and damning report on the state of nature is to be published in paris. The term that is used to define this crowd of organisms that populate every corner of the planet, and that have adapted even to the most extreme environments, is biodiversity or biological diversity.
The main cause of the loss of biodiversity can be attributed to the influence of human beings on the worlds ecosystem, in fact human beings have deeply altered the environment, and have modified the territory, exploiting the species directly, for example by fishing and hunting, changing the biogeochemical cycles and transferring species from one area to. Indigenous involvement has been by far the greatest in the biodiversity focal area, as indigenous communities are closely tied to land. There is growing concern about the health consequences. Biodiversity and human health world health organization.
Top 10 countries in biodiversity sustainability for all. Biodiversity loss is being experienced across all earths major biomes well. Biodiversity threats from red lists are linked with patterns of international trade, identifying the ultimate instigators of the threats. Furthermore, climate change is increasingly interacting with all of the other humaninduced drivers of biodiversity loss in complex ways, so the future looks extremely grim for most people around the world. As a result, the ecosystem services that wetlands provide to society are diminished. Pdf biodiversity losses and conservation responses in the. Understanding the causes of biodiversity loss and the policy assessment framework executive summary this report examines some real world situations where causes of biodiversity loss are explained by an interaction of a variety of socioeconomic forces and, what turns out to. Biodiversity and the services that nature provides are essential to the food we eat today and to our food security tomorrow. Nearly 45,000 species of plants and twice as many of animals have been recorded from india. An emerging consensus on biodiversity loss a framework for analysing biodiversity loss ten case studies. Contracting parties and their policymakers are urged to take immediate. Consensus statement one there is now unequivocal evidence that biodiversity loss. Conserving genetic diversity development of a national approach for addressing aichi biodiversity target that includes wild species.
The world is losing biodiversity fastest from the tropics. While highincome countries actually showed a 10 percent increase in biodiversity, a loss. The colonisation of tropical pacific islands by human beings has led to the extinction of more than two thousand species of native birds. This threeword phrase is the slogan of the international year of biodiversity iyb, a celebration, reflection and call. Indigenous communities have been involved in accessing funds and participating in geffunded projects in the areas of biodiversity, sustainable land management, international waters, climate change and pops. Directly or indirectly, humans bear the main responsibility for this loss of diversity. Namibias second national biodiversity strategy and. More than just i want my children to enjoy it, rich diversity allows medicines and foods to be naturally available. The loss and degradation of biodiversity negatively affects every level of the planet.
Springer, heidelberg description biodiversity hotspots are a method to identify those regions of the world where attention is needed to address biodiversity loss. The main cause of the loss of biodiversity can be attributed to the influence of human beings on the world s ecosystem fishing and hunting, changing the biogeochemical cycles, fish stocks are dwindling, forest loss is resulting in the loss. For terrestrial environments, empirical research suggests a general, positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem services gamfeldt et. Scientific estimates show that 64% of the world s wetlands have disappeared since 1900. Efforts to prevent biodiversity loss may deliver multiple benefits for the planet, people, and the economy. South africa played a key role in hosting the 2002 world summit on sustainable development, and is fully committed to achieving the goals and targets of the johannesburg plan of implementation, including the millennium development goals and biodiversity targets, such as reducing the rate of loss of biodiversity.
By improving the way we discover, document and measure biodiversity, we will move towards understanding the consequences of changes in these drivers for biodiversity. The implementation of the eu 2020 biodiversity strategy and. In this booklet, we highlight some of the causes of climate change and its impacts on biodiversity, as well as the various links between biodiversity. Nevertheless, human actions have caused huge losses in biodiversity, including. International trade drives biodiversity threats in. Biodiversity, or biological diversity, is a term that refers to the number of genes, species, individual organisms within a given species, and biological communities within a defined geographic area, ranging from the smallest ecosystem to. Deforestation, forest degradation, biodiversity loss and co2 emissions in riau, sumatra, indonesia one indonesian provinces forest and peat soil carbon loss over a quarter century and its plans for the future wwf indonesia technical report. In some regions, notably asia, the loss is even higher. Biodiversity comprises the diversity of life on earth across genes, species and.
The diversity of societies, cultures and languages that has developed throughout human history is intimately related to biodiversity and its use. Creating protected area habitats is a critical strategy for conserving biodiversity setting aside protected habitats will not stop biodiversity loss sustainable agriculture is the key to preserving biodiversity the world must move faster to conserve tropical rainforests strong measures must be taken soon to prevent overfishing in. Last year the worlds leading climate scientists warned that we have only 11 years for a 50% chance to limit global warming to a maximum of 1. Animal agricultures impact on biodiversity loss and deforestation rainforests, the lungs of the planet each day, we lose upwards of 80,000 acres of tropical rainforest.
Taking peru as a case study, this paper analyses causes and effects of biodiversity loss based on local expert knowledge in order to identify necessary policy adjustments for improved biodiversity. The loss and degradation of biodiversity negatively affects every level. C, above which we would see devastating impacts on people and biodiversity. Biodiversity loss therefore threatens the provision of goods and services provided by ecosystems. The living planet report documents the state of the planetincluding biodiversity, ecosystems, and demand on natural resourcesand what it means for humans and wildlife. Study on understanding the causes of biodiversity loss and. Deforestation, forest degradation, biodiversity loss and co2. It is a continuation of the good work done as part of the first national biodiversity. The role of indigenous peoples in biodiversity conservation.
A compilation of recent analyses wetlands continue to decline globally, both in area and in quality. The world has not succeeded in reducing the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010. Indigenous involvement has been by far the greatest in the biodiversity. The world now acknowledges that the loss of biodiversity contributes to global climatic changes. Biodiversity loss is one of the most critical environmental threats alongside climate change and the two are inextricably linked. Dec 21, 2007 some of the key drivers affecting the loss of biodiversity worldwide are habitat alteration, climate change, overexploitation and invasive alien species. The main cause of the loss of biodiversity can be attributed to the influence of human beings on the world s ecosystem, in fact human beings have deeply altered the environment, and have modified the territory, exploiting the species directly, for example by fishing and hunting, changing the biogeochemical cycles and transferring species from one area to. Its mandate was expanded to include dealing with the countrys rapid progress in creating new protected regions like transfrontier conservation areas, biosphere reserves, world heritage sites, national parks and bioregional plans to address gaps in the system. The state of ugandas biodiversity 2017 national biodiversity data bank. Biodiversity is the variety of life on earth, from genes, to species, to ecosystems convention on biological diversity cbd, 2017a. Environmental issues causing biodiversity loss, essay get sample. Biodiversity is the variety of different forms of life on earth, including the different plants, animals, microorganisms, the genes they contain and the ecosystem they form. State of the worlds wetlands and their services to people. The number of animals living on the earth has plunged by half since 1970.
Environmental issues causing biodiversity loss introduction human activity is challenging the planets environmental sustainability, threatening its ability to sustain current and future generations. The importance of biodiversity was one of the key subjects of the 1992 world. Climate change is interwoven with, and exacerbates, this catastrophic loss of biodiversity. That is what makes our country one of the 12 mega diversity countries of the world. The main cause of the loss of biodiversity can be attributed to the influence of human beings on the world s ecosystem fishing and hunting, changing the biogeochemical cycles, fish stocks are dwindling, forest loss is resulting in the loss of raw materials, land use change, climate change, invasive species, overexploitation, and pollution. Loss of biological diversity national science foundation. Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity nature. The loss of biodiversity is dangerous and its consequences are immediate. Pdf the most unique feature of earth is the existence of life, and the most extraordinary feature of life is its diversity. This article throws light on the ten major causes for the loss of biodiversity, i. This article provides a brief overview of the recent loss of biodiversity in india. Pdf on dec 1, 2016, pia sethi and others published loss of biodiversity find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Pbl rapport 500197001 rethinking global biodiversity strategies.
This section looks at a biodiversity definition and a loss of biodiversity definition, causes of loss of biodiversity, loss of biodiversity effects, biodiversity loss solutions and biodiversity loss facts. The benefits that stem from high levels of biodiversity are well founded. The evolution of corporate no net loss and net positive. The overview of wetland biodiversity followed by some case studies from each of these regions and the role of the ramsar convention to promote conservation of wetlands are highlighted in the publication.
Causes of biodiversity lossaccording to most sources, the major directcauses of humaninduced biodiversity lossare1. More people mean all factors of biodiversity loss are multiplied. Consensus statement one there is now unequivocal evidence that biodiversity loss reduces the efficiency by which ecological communities capture biologically essential resources, produce biomass, decompose and recycle. Many activities indispensable for human subsistence lead to biodiversity loss, and this trend is likely to continue in the future.
To stem the tide of species loss while maintaining and improving livelihoods, usaid supports biodiversity conservation and sustainable forest management in more than 50 countries. In 2002, governments set 2010 as a deadline to achieve a significant reductionin the rate of loss of biodiversity for reducing poverty. Biodiversity loss, also called loss of biodiversity, a decrease in biodiversity within a species, an ecosystem, a given geographic area, or earth as a whole. Case studies on coastal ecosystems and biodiversity loss. Pdf loss of biodiversity and conservation strategies. Springer, heidelberg description biodiversity hotspots are a method to identify those regions of the world where attention is needed to address biodiversity loss and to guide investments in conservation. For example, fish stocks are dwindling, forest loss is resulting in the loss of many species, land and other. The number of tigers has plunged by 97% in the last century. There are many threats to our natural world, which include.
State of the world s wetlands and their services to people. Applying the mitigation hierarchy, an approach to avoid, reduce, mitigate and, if nec essary, compensate any loss in biodiversity. Its mandate was expanded to include dealing with the countrys rapid progress in creating new protected regions like transfrontier conservation areas, biosphere reserves, world. Estimates predict it will reach ten billion late this century. Fact animal agricultures impact on sheet biodiversity. At least 40 percent of the worlds economy and 80 percent of the needs of the poor are derived from biological resources.
Loss of biodiversity and extinctions global issues. Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on earth, including diversity of ecosystems, genes and species, and ecological practices that support them. The succesful compilation and launch of this national biodiversity strategy and action plan 202022 is further demonstration of our governments commitment to the sustainable management of unique biodiversity and ecosystems. To investigate the vital role conservation planning can play in connecting land use planning and biodiversity. It was prepared by claudia sobrevila, senior biodiversity specialist in the environment department of the world. The latter phenomenon can be temporary or permanent, depending on whether the environmental degradation that leads to the loss is reversible through ecological restoration ecological resilience or.
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